Experimenting with the Lewis Ratchet and a physics simulator.





https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MI41MhwunvQ


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17ZQDyuVPpE


These Algodoo simulations features a box within a box, where you use a linear accelerator to slam the inner box against one wall, and then observe the resulting motion. Here's what the video shows:

1️⃣ Setup of the Simulation

  • A larger outer box is floating, simulating an isolated system (like a spacecraft in space).
  • Inside it, a smaller inner box is free to move.
  • The inner box is propelled at high speed toward one of the walls using a linear accelerator (acting like a launcher or railgun).

2️⃣ The Impact and Initial Reaction

  • The inner box slams into the wall of the outer box.
  • By Newton’s Third Law, the wall exerts an equal and opposite reaction force.
  • This force is transmitted to the outer box, causing it to recoil slightly in the opposite direction.

3️⃣ Observing the Motion

  • After impact, what happens to the inner box?

    • If the impact is inelastic, the inner box might stick to the wall or transfer all its momentum.
    • If the impact is elastic, the inner box bounces back, potentially repeating the process.

  • What happens to the outer box?

    • The outer box has now shifted slightly due to the recoil.
    • If nothing stops the inner box from bouncing, this process could repeat, leading to cyclical shifts.

4️⃣ Key Observations

  • If the inner box is fired multiple times, the outer box accumulates shifts.
  • If the inner box sticks to the wall after the impact, momentum transfer has fully completed in one step.
  • If the inner box is re-accelerated and fired again, it could create a ratchet-like effect, shifting the outer box in one direction.

5️⃣ The Big Takeaway

This is a simplified model of the Lewis Ratchet, where internal momentum exchanges cause external displacement. The key question to explore from the video is:

  • Does the outer box “reset” if the inner box moves back, or does it retain a net displacement?
  • Does the effect compound over multiple cycles?
  • What role does impact elasticity play in how the motion propagates?

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